QIMMATLI QOG‘OZLAR BOZORIDA TIJORAT BANKLARINING INVESTOR SIFATIDAGI FAOLIYATI: PORTFELNI BOSHQARISH MODELLARI VA ULARNI MAHALLIY SHAROITGA MOSLASHTIRISH
Abstract
Moliya tizimining yangilanishi va kapital bozorlarining global integratsiyalashuvi sharoitida tijorat banklarining investitsion faoliyati qo‘shimcha daromad manbaidan aktiv va passivlarni boshqarish (ALM) tizimining markaziy bo‘g‘iniga aylanmoqda. Mohiyatan u foyda olish, likvidlikni ta’minlash va strategik ta’sirga erishish maqsadida bankning o‘z va jalb qilingan mablag‘larini aksiyalar, davlat va korporativ obligatsiyalar hamda derivativlarga muntazam joylashtirish jarayonidir. Bank investitsiyalari kreditlardan yuqori bozor likvidligi, narxlar volatilligi va portfel tarkibini tez qayta shakllantirish imkoniyati bilan farqlanadi. Biroq mahalliy bank tizimida bunday operatsiyalarning ulushi hali kichik, ichki fond bozori esa past likvidlik va emitentlar sonining ozligi bilan tavsiflanadi; moliya sohasidagi jadal raqamlashtirish ham bank investitsiyalarini tashkil etishga yangicha uslubiy yondashuvni talab qilmoqda
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